Range-burner.



0. FALKENWALDE.

RANGE BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. z. 19H}.-

Putented Dec. 3, 1918.

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0. FALKENWALDE.

RANGE BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 1. I918- Patented Dec. 3, 1918.

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OSCAR FALKENWALDE, OF

. a F l BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

ICE.

RANGE-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 3, 11918.

Continuation of application Serial No. 142,010. filed January 12, 1917.This application filed March 7, 1918.

Serial No.

T 0 all whom it, may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR FALKENWALDE, a citizen of the United States,and resident of the city of Baltimore, State of Maryland, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Range-Burners, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a burner for generating and consuming mixedwater and oil vapor. The present applicant is the patentee in U. S.Patent No. 723,828. granted July 14th, 1903, on the device of whichpatent this invention is an improvement, this, application being acontinuation of application Serial No. 142,010.

T he object of the invention is to provide a generator and burner inwhich the fuel is vaporized at a low temperature so that disintegrationand carbonization will not take place; to mix the vapor with water andair in proportions to give complete combustion and ellicient generationof heat; to regulate the fuelsupplv to the consumption and thus effectin reased economy; and also to provide means for draining the burnerwhen it is extinguished to prevent flooding of the vaporizer andconsequent carbonization. This burner is particularly adapted for use inranges or stoves though some of the features may be otherwise applied tofurnace burners. steam generators and the like.

In the improved form of burner, the oil vapor is discharged from the gasnozzle into a converter chamber in'a moist condition instead of being inthe form ofa dry gas, and water is supplied in such a manner as to forma film or curtain in the path of the gas jet 'at the mouth of thechamber which is open to admit air with the gas jet, thereby effecting athorough. commingling of air, water vapor and oil vapor forming a water.gas which is consumed at the Bunsen burner openings as hereinafterdescribed.

This vaporization of the oil without disintegration. takes place in agenerator which, contrary to the regular practice in such matters, isout of line of the burners and receives only indirectheat. The vapor orgas then goes to an expansion chamber, also out of line of the burners,where it is retained in the form of a vapor until fed through the nozzleto the converter.

Regulation of theo-il supply is accomplished by an automaticallyoperatedpressure regulating valve adapted to close or partiallyclose the feed ofoil to the generator causing the oil supply to be controlled by thepressure in the generator so that no oil is fed and vaporized untilneeded. This valve as is apparent from the drawing is perforated orloosely seated so that it cannot eifect a complete cut-off of the oilsupply and cause, the burner to be extinguished.

In the improved form of the burner as herein illustrated, I provide acombined shield and deflector adapted to protect the oil vapor nozzle,needle valve and the end of the generator pipe from the intense heat ofthe burner. This also serves as a spreader causing a uniformdistribution of heat throu h the range, stove or furnace.

The further objects of the invention are to reduce the weight and costand increase the compactness of the burner and to provide such awatergas generator and burner adapted for the use of various grades ofoil and for heating various devices, such as,

stoves, furnaces, boilers and the like.

In the accompanying drawings, 1 have illustrated a burner constructed inaccordance with the preferred form of my invention, it being understoodthat various changes in the form, propo1'tions,'size and minor detailsof the construction within the claims may be resorted to withoutsacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

Figure 1 is a central section of the generator, burner and shield Fig. 2is atop plan of the same, the shield being omitted;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3, 3 of Fig. 1 showing theconverter only;

Fig. 4 is a perspective of the shield;

Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5, 5 of Fig. 1, showing theconverter, base and generator;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing the burner applied to a range, thelatter being broken away for convenience in illustration;

Fig. 7 is a detail, perspective of the bottom casing or base; and

Fig. 8 is a detail of the automatic valve.

Referring to the drawings by numerals,

the device consists of a conical or otherwise elongated converterchamber 1, shown as circular in cross-section, horizontally placed andopen at the front or larger end and closed at the rear, an expansionchamber 2 preferably overlying the converter and parallel to the axis,and a pan or base 3 supporting the converter. The converter has a seriesof horizontal openings e at the sides extended outward beyond the Wallsin the form of tubular members 5. Each of these has inter inlet opening6, preferably from below so that these extensions or openings are infact Bunsen burners consuming Water gas or oil vapor, Water vapor andair mixed in the converter chamber. In addition to the burner openingsa, the converter also has pressure equalizing openings 7 on each side ofthe center at the top. At times combustion may take place at theseopenings though they are primarily intended as pressure equalizingopenings rather than combustion openings.

In addition to the openings already described, the converter has at theopen end, an annular groove 8 extending entirely around the insidesurface. At the top there is an inlet opening 9 and at the bottom anoutlet opening or drip l0. 'l Vater is supplied to the annular groove 8from a tank 11 by Way of a pipe 12, terminatingin a drip nozzle 13 Theflow is directly over the opening 9. controlled by a suitable needle orother fine regulating valve 14;. I

The Water supply, regulated at Will by the valve-1st, is permittedtodrip into the annuilar groove 8 so that the groove is kept filledWith'vvater which is picked up by the rush of gas or oil vapor from thegas nozzle into the converter as hereinafter described; The converter isclosed at the rear or smaller end. The generator chamber 16 is directlyin the rear of the converter and contains a pressure valve 15 controlledby the gas pres sure as hereinafter described. The feed pipe 17 from theoil tank 18 is led to a point well beneath the converter at the rearWhere there is a shut-off valve 19 and a drip cock 20 between thegenerator and the Valve 19. Beyond the drip cock, the pipe leads upwardthrough the bottom of the generator chamber 16. In the bottom of thevalve chamber surrounding the end of the pipe 17, is a suitable valveseat 21 on which the valve leis seated. The latter is preferably in thef rm of an inverted cup. This valve is guided by a stem 23 on which itis preferably loosely mounted, the stem being passed through an enlargedopening 24, or the valve may be otherwise perforated so that While ithas a marked effect on the flow of fuel, it is incapable of shutting itoff completely. The expansion chamber 2, placed above the converter,extends Well forward of the mouth of the converter and at its forwardend there is a pipe 28 deflected downward terminating in a nozzle 25controlled by a needle valve 26 adapted to the regulation of the flow ofthe vapor With an extreme degree of accuracy.

The converter 1 is provided With depending lugs or feet 30, four innumber, resting on corresponding upright lugs or supports 31 in thebottom pan or base 3. These lugs are preferably arranged in pairs. Thelugs 31 are shouldered at 33 to receive the lugs on the converter andmay, if desired, be provided With flanges 34 to engage the lugs or feet30 and prevent displacement of the converter. The base, as shown, has inthe portion beneath the converter longitudinal channels 35 at each sideand 36 in the center. This latter has longitudinal openings 37 in itsside Walls to provide for the admission of air. At the rear end of thepan or base 3 is a collecting pocket 38 and at the front end a pocket39, the latter having its bottom inclined downward to the rear. Thesepockets are connected by channels 35, 36 already described, though theformer are above the'level of thepockets. The front pocket 39 ispreferablypro'vided with a lining lO of asbestos mat or other suitablenonintlammable material. This pocket-serves to collect the drippings, ifany, from the oil and Water supply nozzles and also serves as a'startercup to receive the oil to heat the oil nozzle and the adjacent portionof the generator in startin The channels 35 are inclined from the frontpocket 39 to the rear pocket 38 and the center channel 36 is inclinedfrom the latter pocket so that the drippings from the Bunsen burners orcrossflues, if any, are caught in the side channels and carried to therearpoclret 38 whence they get. into the central" channel 36 and areconsumed, preventing any Waste of fuel.

The burner or generator is designed to be installed within astove orrange though it may be employed for various other purposes as in thegeneration of steam for power plants, steam heating, heating Water inhot Water heating systems, hot Water supply systems or the like. It istherefore capable of being made in various shapes and sizes to conformtothe various conditions presented. In the installation illustrated,itis equipped With a hood or shield 46 of sheet metal or other suitablematerial bent in the form of a right angle, having-a top horizontalportion 47 and a vertical depending portion 48 extending across the firebox. The shield is centrally apertured at as to'receive and inclose thelarger open end of the converter l and this aperture has a recess 50 toreceive the expansion pipe. It also has numerous smaller perforations 51in the horizontal portion 47 and near the bend 52 connecting the parts47 and 48. The shield prevents Waste of heat at the front of the stoveand also prevents flaring back by shielding the oil'nozzle. It alsoserves to spread the flames and cause uniform heating over the entirerange top. The injection of air with the gas at the converter mouthcauses a slight vacuum or suction through the holes 51' This draws theflame and heat forward; to the front of the range which in the absenceof the spreader, is but slightly heated. In this way it is made possibleto use the'entire range top for cooking. The shield fits the fire boxand the pan or base being of corresponding outline, and is preferablymade tightby means of cement. All the parts, particularly the convertercasting, are designed for lightness, economy of material and quicknessof heating to the temperature of operation.

v In operation, liquid hydrocarbon fuel, as kerosene, fuel oil or thelike, is fed under low pressure by gravity or air through the supplypipe 17. The pocket 39 is supplied with oil by opening the valve 19, thedrip 20 being closed. When the mat 40 is saturated and preferably theentire'base contains a considerable amount of oil and the converteris-wet with it, the oil is burned to heat the nozzle 25 and theconverter. etc., the valve 19 being cracked. When the parts have reachedthe requisite ten'iperature, the valve 19 is opened to permit theifiowof oil through the pipe 17 The point of vaporization of the oil is firstat the nozzle 25 but moves back as the parts become heated. Inoperation, vaporization takes place in the generator chamber 16, thesame being at times part full of boiling oil. The valve 15 regulates theoil supply, being closed by the vapor pressure and opened by the oilpressure which latter is slight.

The oil. supply is regulated automatically to the consumption by meansof the valve 15. When the pressure in the generator is so low as torequirefurther oil to keep up the supply of vapor to the nozzle 25, theback pressure on the valve 15 is so reduced as to permit it to rise inresponse to the supply pressure of the fuel in the pipe 17. When thepressure in the generator so increases as to make a further supply ofoil to the generator unnecessary or undesirable, this pressure acting onthe valve 15 causes it to close and check partially at least the flow ofoil from the pipe 17. The valve 15 is preferably so arranged byperforations or by looseness as to the fit of the stem 23 which guidesthe valve, that there will be a certain flow of fuel at all times,preventing extinction of the flame'under or because of any conditions ofvariation of pressure in the generator. When the vapor pressure dropsfrom la k of fuel supply, the valve is opened permitting the oil to riseuntil the vapor pressure increases sufficiently to place the valve ba kon its seat. If the pressure of the oil is insufficient to lift thevalve against the vapor pressure which may be considered a normalcondition of. equilibrium, the oil leaks through the opening 2 1 andflows down over the cup, vaporizing on the heated surface of the cup andpassing through the expansion chamber 2 to the nozzle 25. Thisregulation accomplishes agreat economy, saving a gallon or two a day.

Vaporization of the oil in the heated generator causes a jet of vapor toissue from the nozzle or ejector 25, the same being directed into theopeningin the retort. The water, which is supplied by gravity, is turnedon at the same time and permitted to flow into the annular groove 8which it follows around the inner circumference of the converter. Thisis picked up by the oil vapor and carried into the converter, forming acurtain of water'vapor and mingling with the hydrocarbon vapor. Afterthe burner is started, the discharge of the vapor into the open end ofthe converter body and the combustion of the water gas at the transverseopenings, fines or Bunsen burners, will cause a suction of air to theconverter body providing an air supply sufficient to give completecombustion. To this is added the supply drawn in to the Bunsen burnermembers 5 through the openings 6.

The positions of the generator and expansion chamber relative to theburner openlugs and hence to the flame. are such that they are notheated to a sufiicient degree to crack the oil but merely to vaporize itand the jet of oil and vapor is directed from the nozzle into theopening in the converter at such a low temperature that the hand may beheld in front of-it and the oil deposited on the skin withoutdiscomfort. The screen tends to maintain this low temperature of thevapor and to prevent flaring back, 2'. e., burning of the fuel at thenozzle. It also serves to distribute the heat and to keep the frontlower parts of the stove and the valve 26 cool and the entire top of thestove hot by drawing the flame forward as described.

The drip cock 20 has an important function' in making it possible todrain the burner when extinguished. This prevents carbonization orbreaking up of the oil due to heating of the parts as the oil supply iscut off. By shutting off the oil at 19 and opening the drip 20, the oilis immediately removed from the generator and carbonization from thissource rendered impossible.

The low temperature of the oil vapor in the generator and expansionchamber prevents carbonization at these points and the mixture of theoil vapor with water vapor and air in the converter provides forcomplete combustion so that there is no loss of efficiency and noformation of carbon at any point. The fuel is all burned and all burnedeconomically to generate the greatest amount of heat. In the burnerswhich have been taken down and examined after long use, no deposit ofcarbon has been found at any point.

I have thus described my invention specifi cally and in detail in orderthat its nature and operation may be fully understood;

however, the specific terms herein are used descriptively rather than intheir limiting sense and the scope of the invention is defined in theclaims:

1. A water gas generator and burner in cluding a converter'of tubularform provided with transverse apertures and having an open end, agenerator and a nozzle arranged to discharge hydrocarbon vapor into theopen end of the converter body, said converter body being provided witha water channel on the interior surface of the converter, and means forsupplying water to the same to cause a film or curtain of water vapor toform at the open end of the converter body to commingle with thehydrocarbon vapor.

2. A water gas generator and burner ineluding a converter body oftubular form provided with transverse apertures and having an open end,a generator and a nozzle arranged to discharge hydrocarbon vapor intothe open end of the converter body, said converter body being providedat its open end with an interior water groove or channel, and means forsupplying water to the same to form a water vapor at the open end of theconverter body to. commingle with the hydrocarbon vapor.

3. A water gas generator and burner including a converter body oftubular form provided with transverse apertures and having an open end,a generator and a nozzle arranged to discharge hydrocarbon vapor intothe open end of the converter body, said converter body being providedat its open end with an interior annular groove or channel and havinginlet and outlet openings located respectively at the top and bottomthereof, and means for supplying water to the said groove or channel toform water vapor at the open end of the converter body to commingle withthe hydrocarbon vapor.

4s, A water gas generator and burner in cluding a tapered tubularconverter body open at one end and provided at opposite sides withlateral burner openings and having tubular extensions located at thesaid openings and provided each with an air inlet aperture, saidconverter body being also provided at the top with pressure equalizingopenings, a generator out of line of the burner openings, an expansionchamber extending over the top of the converter body and provided at theopen end of the same with a nozzle for discharging hydrocarbon vaporinto the said converter body, and means for supplying Water to the saidconverter body to form a Water vapor to mix with the hydrocarbon vapor.

5. A Water gas generator and burner including a converter body having anopen end and provided with lateral burner open ings, a generator at therear end of said body, an expansion chamber extending over the top ofthe converter body and provided at one end thereof With a nozzle, avalvefor cutting oil the flow of oil through the generator, and means belowthe generator and between the generator and said valve for draining theoil therefrom.

6. A water gas generator and'burner ineluding a converter body having anopen end and provided with lateral burner open-, ings, an expansion pipeextending over the top of the converter body and having a nozzledirected into one end of the same, a generator chamber at the other endof the converter body, and an automaticvalve located therein and adaptedto open under the pressure of the oil and maintained at intervals in itsclosed position by gravity and the pressure within the generator pipe.

7. A water gas generator and burner including a converter body having anopen end and provided with lateral burner openings, an expansion pipeextending over the top of the converter body and an ejector located atthe open end of the same, a generator chamber at the other end of theconverter body, said expansion pipe being connected thereto, and a cupshaped valve operat ng in the generator chamber, the valve having asmall opening in the top and being automatically operated by the flow ofthe 011 and by the pressure within the generator pipe and gravity.

8. A Water gas generator and burner including a converter body open atone end and provided with lateral burner openings, at nozz e arranged todischarge oil vapor into the open end of the converter body, and a hoodcomposed of an upright portion located at the open end of the converterbody and a. rearwardly extending portion arranged above the ejector,said hood being adapted to form a shield for the ejector and havingperforations to spread the flames of the burner to cause a uniformheating of the en tire top of the stove or range.

9. A water gas generator and burner including a converter body ofapproximately tubular formation having an open end and provided withlateral burner openings, a

' generator, a nozzle connected to the generator and directed in at theopen end of the converter, and a hood forming a shield for the ejectorand arranged to spread the flames of the burner, said hood comprising anupright portion fitted against the open end of the converter body andhaving an opening registering with the opening of the said body andreceiving the generator pipe, said upright portion being also providedat the bottom with a recess, a base supporting the converter body andextending into the recess of the upright portion of the hood, the latterbeing also provided with a rearwardly extending portion arranged overthe ejector.

10. A water gas generator and burner including a converter body open atone end and having lateral burner openings, a base supporting theconverter body and providcd with central and side channels or troughsand having front and rear pockets, the front pocket being arranged at aninclination and communicating with the central channel, a generator, anozzle located at the open end of the converter, and means for supplyingwater to the converter body, the latter being provided with a wateroutlet located above the central channel of the base.

11. A water gas generator and burner including a converter body havingan open end and provided with lateral burner openings, a base supportingthe converter body and having central and side troughs or channels andprovided with a rear pocket communicating with the central trough orchannel and extending below the same, said rear pocket being alsoprovided with an opening, an expansion pipe extending along the top ofthe converter body and provided with an ejector located at the openend'of the converter body, a vertical generator chamber located at therear pocket and extending through the opening thereof, and means forsupplying water to the converter body.

12. A water gas generator and burner including a converter body ofapproximately tubular form open at one end, an expansion pipe extendingalong the top of the converter body and provided at the open end thereofwith a nozzle and a vertical generator chamber at the other end, and abase supporting the converter body and provided with longitudinalchannels or troughs and having front and rear pockets, the rear pockethaving an opening through which the generator extends and the frontpocket being extended and set at an inclination and located beneath thenozzle to form a starting cup.

13. In a water gas generator and burner, an open-ended converter. aplurality of burners at the side, each having an air inlet opening, apipe on top of the converter out of line of the burners, a nozzleconnected to the said pipe and directed into the converter, means forsupplying water to the converter adjacent the nozzle, a generator alsoout of line of the burner openings connected to said pipe, means forsupplying oil to the generator, and a pressure regulating valvecontrolling the fuel supply and closed by the gas pressure in thegenerator and opened by the fuel supply pressure, the valve in closedposiitiori being arranged to pass a small supply o 01 14. In a water gasgenerator and burner, a conical converter having Bunsen burners at theside, a pipe heated from the converter and out of the line of the burneropenings, a generator connected to said pipe and also out of line of theburners, a nozzle, connected to the pipe and directed into the converterleaving an air opening around the nozzle, and means for supplying waterin small quantities to the mouth of the converter.

15. In a water gas generator and burner, a conical converter, open atone end having Bunsen burners at the side, a generator pipe out of lineof the burner openings, a nozzle connected to the generator and directedinto the open end of the converter leaving an air opening around thenozzle. means for supplying water in small quantities to the mouth ofthe converter, means for supplying oil to the generator, and anautomatic regulating valve in the generator, the same being closed bythe gas pressure in the generator and opened by the oil supply pressure.

16. In a water gas generator and burner, a converter, a generator, anoil supply pipe to the generator, an automatic pressure regu-- latingvalve in the generator, closed by the pressure in the generator andopened by the oil supply, a shut-cit valve between the oil supply andthe automatic valve, and a cock between the shut-off valve and theautomatic valve. the automatic valve having leakage suilicient to permitthe draining of the generator when the cock is open and th oil su plyvalve closed.

17. In a hydrocarbon burner. a converter having Bunsen burners at theside. a generator. a pipe c nnected thereto overlying the converter.both the generator and the pipe being out of line of the burneropenings, a nozzle connected to the pipe and directed into one end ofthe converter which is open leaving an air opening around the nozzle,means for supplying water to the open end of the converter, means forsupplying oil to the generator. and an automatic valve controlling theoil supply, the same being closed by the gas pressure in the generatorand opened by the oil supply pressure. the valve having a permanentopening suflicient to prevent extinction of the flame.

18. In a hydrocarbon burner, a converter having Bunsen burners at theside. a generator heated by the converter and burners and out of line ofthe burner openings, a nozzle connected to the generator and directedinto one end of the converter which is open leaving an air openingaround the noz zle, means for supplying water in small quantities to theo en end of the converter, means for supplying oil to the generator, andan automatic valve controlling the oil supply, the same being closed bythe gas pressure in the generator and opened by the oil supply pressure.the valve having an aperture to supply oil to prevent extinction of theflame in case the oil pressure becomes insufficient to open it.

19. In a hydrocarbon burner, a converter having Bunsen burners at theside, a generator out of line of the burner openings, a nozzle connectedto the generator and directed into one end of the converter which isopen leaving an'air opening around the nozzle, means for supplying waterin small quantities to the open end'of the converter, means forsupplying oil to the generator, and an automatic valve in the generatorchamber, the same being closed by the gas pressure in the generator andopened by the oil supply pressure, the valve being in the form of aninverted cup and having a guiding stem with an aperture in the valve toreceive the stem allowing sufiieient play to permit flow of oil to theburner and to prevent extinction of the flame when the valve isclosed.

20. In a hydrocarbon burner, a converter having Bunsen burners at theside, a gener ator out of line of the burner openings, a nozzleconnected to the generator and directg ed into one end of the converterwhich is open leaving an'air opening around the nozzle, means forsupplying Water in small, quantities to the open end of the converter,means for supplying oil to the generator, and an automatic valve in thegenerator chamber, the same being closed'by the gas pressure in thegenerator and opened by the oil supply pressure, the valve being in theform of an inverted cup and having an opening for escape of a smallquantity of oil to flow down over the sides of thecup when the valve isclosed.

21. In a water gas generator, a converter having a central opening withBunsen burners at the side, a generator heated from the converter andout of line of the burner openings, a nozzle connected to the generatorand directed into the converter, the latter having an opening into Whichthe nozzle is directed leaving an air opening around the nozzle, andmeans for supplying water in small quantities to the opening in theconverter.

In a water gas generator, a converter having a central opening withBunsen burners at the side, a generator heated from the converter andout of line of the burner openings, a nozzle connected to the generator.and directed to the converter, the latter having an opening into Whichthe nozzle is directed leaving an air opening around the nozzle, andmeans for supplying water in small quantities tov the opening in theconverter, the converter having an annular orifice inside the opening toreceive and hold the Water-which is vaporized by the injection of oilvapor and mingled therewith forming with the-air a combustible mixture.

Signed by me at Baltimore, Maryland, this 4 day of March, 1918.

OSCAR FALKENWALDE. "Witnesses ZELLA KUHN, ALICE G. DONEGAN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained. for five cents each, byaddressing the Commissionerof Patents,

7 Washington, D. G.

